New Mexico Master Gardeners
 

Green Foliage Plants

Latin name Common name Height Spread USDA zone Remarks
Adiantum pedatum Northern maidenhair fern 12" 12" 3 Black stems with delicate foliage resembling feathers.
Asplenium scolopendrium Hart's-tongue fern 24" 24" 5 Long wavy pale leaves with rows of brown spore cases on undersides. Limestone tolerant.
A. trichomanes Maidenhair spleenwort 8" 12" 2 Attractive pinnate silhouette with dark brown midrib.
Athyrium filix-femina Lady fern 3' 3' 2 Deciduous fern with doubly divided fronds. Prefers acid soil and shade.
Blechnum penna-marina 12" 18" 3 Creeping rhizomes and glossy evergreen fronds. Needs acidity.
B. spicant Hard fern or Deer fern 30" 18" 5 Flourishes in fibrous soil with peat or composted tree bark.
Chimonobambusa marmorea Bamboo 6' 3' 6 Elegant bamboo for streamsides. Also useful as hedging or in groups.
Eriophorum angustifolium Cotton grass 12-18" 8" 4 Tufted sedge like perennial. Thrives in acid soil.
Clyceria maxima var. variegata Manna grass 30"-6 1/2' varies 5 Tall grass for marshland or water depth to 12". Creamy yellow stripes pink in spring.
Hakonechloa macra 'Aureola' 14" 18" 7 Small-growing grass with golden striped leaves.
Juncus effusus Soft rush 12-18" 18-24" 4 Dark green perennial clumps. Several varieties.
J. inflexus Hard rush 12-24" 18-24" 4 Forms evergreen clumps of slender gray-green stems. Useful because it retains it's character during winter.
Luzula x borreri 'Botany Bay' Wood rush 8" 8" 6 Parchment colored when young. May be invasive.
L. nivea Snow rush 24" 18-24" 6 Shining white flowers in summer followed by reddish-brown seeds. Makes neat clumps.
L. sylvatica 'Marginata' Great woodrush 12-18" indefinite 6 Leaves narrowly edged with white. Spreads slowly.
Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich fern 3' 18" 2 Spectacular deciduous fern. Excellent for bog garden or stream bank. Spreads by underground rhizomes.
Miscanthus sacchariflorus Amur silver grass 10' 3' 5 Imposing columns of fluttering leaves that turn bronze in fall.
M. sinensis 6 1/2' 24" 5 Graceful wiry stems. Is not invasive. Several varieties including 'Zebrinus' with transversal stripes.
Onoclea  sensibilis Sensitive fern 18" 3' 4 Single fronds grow from long spreading rhizomes. Will form a mat over water.
Osmunda regalis Royal fern 6 1/2' 3' 2 Majestic deciduous fern. Massive erect rhizomes unfurl tan-colored crosiers in spring. Needs lots of moisture.
Pennisetum alopecuroides Fountain grass 3' 18" 7 Several varieties and cultivars. These grasses make beautiful specimens near ponds and pools.
Phalarisarundinacea Gardener's garters 3' indefinite 4 Several varieties. May be invasive. Handsome white striped leaves will grow to water's edge.
Phegopteris connectilis Beech fern 9" 12" 5 Good carpeting plant in humus-rich acidic soil.
Phragmites australis Norfolk reed 13' indefinite 6 Invasive, plant where it is contained. 'Variegatus' has yellow striped leaves.
Phyllostachys aurea Fishpole bamboo 20-25' indefinite 6 Clump forming evergreen bamboo. Yellowish-green leaves with upright grooved culms with swollen ridge below each node.
P. aureosulcata yellow groove bamboo 20-25' indefinite 6 Forms clumps of evergreen olive-green canes with yellow grooves.
P. bambusoides Giant Timber Bamboo 20-100' indefinite 7 Stout canes with evergreen leaves.
P. nigra Black bamboo 20-25' indefinite 7 The canes green at first turn black in time.  Some of the varieties are considered the most beautiful of the bamboos.
Pleioblastus auricoma 3' indefinite 7 One of the smaller bamboos with broad yellow leaves striped with green.
P. variegatus Dwarf white striped bamboo 30" 24" 7 Dark green leaves striped with creamy-white and downy purple-lined sheaths. Branches.
Polypodium vulgare Common polypody 12" 12" 3 Long leathery leaflets arranged alternately up the stems. Does best in acid conditions and semishade.
Polystichum setiferum soft shield fern 24" 18" 4 Pale green evergreen fern. Some varieties have so finely divided leaves they resemble ferns in themselves. Does well in neutral to alkaline soils.
Pseudosasa japonica Arrow bamboo or Metake 16' indefinite 6 Tough thickets of smooth green canes. Capable of growing in shade and very boggy conditions. Highly wind resistant. Flowers more frequently than other bamboos.
Sasa veitchii 5' indefinite 7 Potentially invasive. Leaf margins becomes parchment colored in fall and retains color all winter.
Scirpus lacustris True bulrush 5-10' indefinite 4 Several varieties. 'Zebrinus' has transversal white and green stripes. All are very decorative and will grow in shallow water.
Spartina pectinata Cord grass 6 1/2' indefinite 5 Can be invasive. Several varieties. All turn russet yellow in fall. Valuable for consolidating mud banks.
Thelypteris palustris Marsh fern 30" 12" 4 Deciduous fern for really wet areas. Inclined to be invasive but ideal for naturalized settings.
Typha species Cattails 12"-8' indefinite 3 All cattails are invasive.
Woodsia alpina Northern woodsia 8" 8" 5 Good candidate for shady, moist stony situations where surface moisture drains rapidly. Good near waterfalls.
Zizania aquatica Canadian wild rice or Water oats 10' 18" 6 Lofty annual grass with terminal flower heads followed by rice-like seeds. Grow in full sun from seeds in pots of mud.

Aquatics Bog Plants Creatures Floaters Foliage PondTrees